Association between ADD1 Gly460Trp Polymorphism and Essential Hypertension in Han Chinese

Essential hypertension (EH) is an important worldwide public health issue which contributes to the burden of heart disease, stroke and kidney failure and premature mortality and disability. It disproportionately affects populations in low- and middle-income countries where health systems are weak. EH is a complex disorder resulting from genetic and environmental factors, as well as their interactions. 

 

Essential Hypertension

Approximately 20-60% of the blood pressure variability in general population is heritable. Human ADD1 gene, located on chromosome 4p16.3, encodes one of adducin subunits (α-adducin). Adducin modulates the surface expression of multiple transporters and ion pumps, and thus regulates cellular signal transduction and cytolemma ion transport. Human and animal model studies have found that ADD1 gene is a candidate gene for EH. Read More>>>>>>>>>>>

The Plasmalemmal Na/K-ATPase: An Amplifier for Reactive Oxygen Species?

Discovered only within the last fifty years, reactive oxygen species (ROS) are oxygen derived free radicals found in both intra- and extracellular space. Common forms of ROS include superoxide anion (O2-), hydroxyl radical (OH-), andperoxide (O2-2), each classified as free radicals, due to the presence of an extra unpaired electron carried in their outer shell, giving each species paramagnetic tendencies.

Plasmalemmal Na/K-ATPase

As metabolic by-products within normal physiological processes, such as the mitochondrial electron transport chain, ROS highly reactive nature arms them with the capability to damage surrounding cells-- irrespective of cell type. Consequently, if the magnitude of derived ROS exceeds the host’s capacity to detoxify the reactive intermediates--via antioxidants--then the physiological system is said to be under oxidative stress. Read More>>>>>>>>>>>

Effect of Dietary Soy Protein Supplement in Dyslipidemic South Indian Population: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo Controlled, Parallel-Group Trial

Dyslipidemia and obesity are emerging as a major public health challenge in South Asian countries. The prevalence of obesity is more in urban areas than rural. There is greater accumulation of fat at “ectopic” sites, namely the liver and the skeletal muscles. This feature leads to higher magnitude of insulin resistance, and its concomitant metabolic disorders (the metabolic syndrome) including atherogenic dyslipidemia. 

Dyslipidemia

Metabolic Syndrome (MetS) is a plausible precondition for type II diabetes and Cardiovascular Diseases (CVD). MetS is characterised by symptoms of obesity, insulin resistance, hypertension, dyslipidemia and diabetes mellitus. The pathophysiological mechanisms involved in MetS are complex and involved dysregulation of many biochemical and physiological regulatory mechanisms of the body. Read More>>>>>>>>

Echocardiograpic Evaluation of Short-term Outcome of Patent Ductus Arteriosus Closure using Amplatzer Occluder Device

In full-term newborns, DA routinely closes within one to five days after delivery, however it’s considered abnormal if it remains patent more than three months after birth in term infants. The physiological impact and clinical significance of PDA depend largely on its size and the underlying cardiovascular status of the patient, so patients with large PDA may develop left-sided volume overload and pulmonary hypertension at younger ages, leading to diagnosis early in life. 

 

Three months after birth in term infants

If left untreated, PDA can foster the development of infective endarteritis, Eisenmenger syndrome, and other conditions, with an annual mortality rate of 1.8%. Ductus closure is clearly indicated for any child or adult who is symptomatic from significant left-to-right shunting through PDA. Read More>>>>>>>

Between Scylla and Charybdis: Difficult Balance between Anticoagulation and Bleeding in the Management of LVAD Thrombosis

Continuous flow Left Ventricular Assist Devices (LVAD) is used in patients with advanced heart failure. Device-related hematologic complications remain an important associated morbidity. Pump thrombosis is a major and life-threatening adverse event.

LVAD Thrombosis

Despite chronic anticoagulation with warfarin, the Heart Ware Investigators noted high incidence (0.063-0.08 events/patient-year) of thrombosis in the Heart Ware HVAD Ventricular Assist System. In this setting, the optimal treatment strategy is still uncertain. Treatment approaches include optimization of anticoagulation or antiplatelet therapy, fibrinolysis and device-exchange. However, when a surgical LVAD exchange is associated with a high morbidity and mortality, medical therapy can be an alternative strategy. Read More>>>>>>>>>>>