The term
cardiorenal syndrome (CRS) implies acute or chronic injury to the heart and
kidneys that often involves a temporal sequence of disease initiation and
progression. The classification of CRS is divided into five sub types each of
which has complicated and poorly understood pathogenetic factors, yet holding
promise for research and clinical opportunities to improve patient outcomes.
Types 1 and 2 involve acute and chronic cardiovascular disease (CVD) scenarios leading to acute kidney injury (AKI) or accelerated chronic kidney disease
(CKD).
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| Cardiorenal Syndromes |
Types 3 and 4, describe AKI and CKD, respectively, leading primarily to
heart failure, although, it is possible that acute coronary syndromes, stroke,
and arrhythmias could be CVD outcomes in these forms of CRS. Finally, CRS type
5 describes a systemic insult to both heart and the kidneys, such as sepsis,
where both organs are injured simultaneously in persons with previously normal
heart and kidney function at baseline. Read more>>>>>>>>>>>>>
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