RIAI was first reported by Thomas
as a condition in which radiation therapy causes stenosis and obstruction of
the great vessels. Incidence and prevalence of radiation induced subclavian
artery stenosisTo date, it has been considered that RIAI is rare after
radiation therapy. However, because of advanced imaging technology and the fact
that clinicians have become aware of the concept of RIAI, reports of RIAI have
increased.
Lam compared newly diagnosed patients
with nasopharyngeal cancer patients before and after they underwent radiation
therapy and reported that arterial stenosis was more common in the irradiated
area of the post-radiation group compared with that of the pre-radiation group(56/71 vs. 11/51). Furthermore, arterial stenosis of 50% or more was only
observed following radiation therapy.In addition, the probability of carotid
stenosis of 70% or more after radiation therapy is 6.3% according to Elerding
and 11.7%–16% according to Cheng. It is also reported that the symptom due to
this vascular stenosis appears in 14.6% of the cases.
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