Exercise as a Protective Cardiovascular Factor in ESRD Patients

Cardiovascular (CV) Diseases, Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) and Diabetes are among the main causes of death all over the world. Between 1990 and 2010, the total number of deaths due to CV diseases increased by 25%, while the deaths caused by CKD anddiabetes doubled. 

CKD patients are at high risk of CV diseases, their leading cause of mortality. CKD, this serious and prevalent pathology may be caused by Hypertension (HTA) and diabetes, but at the same time, may lead to secondary HTA, diabetes and/or metabolic syndrome. Although the prevalence of those traditional CV risk factors is elevated (HTA, diabetes, low HDL…) in ESRD (End-Stage Renal Disease) patients, other “nontraditional” CV risk factors have been identified such as: increased Oxidative stress (OS), inflammation, prothrombotic factors, cachexia and malnutrition.  Read more>>>>>>>>>>