Several
studies have reported the antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anticancer,
hypocholesterolemic and neuroprotective properties of tocotrienols in different
cell lines, animal models, and in humans. However, question on the
bioavailability of pure tocotrienols remained unanswered. Therefore, it is
important to understand the absorption and bioavailability mechanism of
tocotrienols before carrying out investigations into the therapeutic efficacy
in humans. The bioavailability of naturally-occurring tocotrienols differ
considerably in their absorption, therfore therapeutic uses of tocotrienols
remain controversial.
It
was reported that after feeding rats mixed tocotrienols, the oral
bioavailability of α-tocotrienol was 28% compared to 9% of γ-tocotrienol and
δ-tocotrienol. Tocotrienols in humans were detected in postprandial plasma, and
they were found enriched in triacylglycerol-rich particles, HDL, and LDL after
administration of palm tocotrienol-rich fraction (mixture of 68% tocotrienol +
32% α-tocopherol). The key parameter of bioavailability determination, the
total area under the concentration-time curve (AUC0 - ∞, h) for plasma
α-tocotrienol, was 60% larger than for γ-tocotrienol. Read more..............
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